January 2011 Chemistry Regents #66-68

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Base your answers to questions 66 to 68 on the information below.

Base your answers to questions 66 through 68 on the information below.

In the early 1800s, John Dalton proposed an atomic theory that was based on experimental observations made by several scientists. Three concepts of Dalton’s atomic theory are stated below.

Statement A: Atoms are indivisible and cannot be destroyed or broken down into smaller parts.

Statement B: Atoms of one element cannot be changed into atoms of another element.

Statement C: All atoms of one element have the same mass.

66 Explain, in terms of particles, why statement A is no longer accepted. [1]

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Smaller parts of atoms exist, such as protons, neutrons, and electrons.

During some nuclear reactions, unstable atoms can spontaneously decay into smaller particles.

Atoms can lose electrons.

67 The decay of N-16 is represented by the balanced equation below.

State evidence that indicates statement B is not always true. [1]

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An atom of nitrogen (atomic number 7) changed into an atom of oxygen (atomic number 8).

The decay of N-16 atoms produced O-16 atoms.

Radioactive decay results in an element being changed into another element.

68 Explain, in terms of particles in the atoms of an element, why statement C is false. [1]

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Atoms of different isotopes of an element have different masses because they have different numbers of neutrons.

Atoms of an element can differ in the number of neutrons and, therefore, masses.

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Questions 51-53 Questions 54-55 Questions 56-57 Questions 58-59 Questions 60-61 Questions 62-63 Questions 64-65 Questions 66-68 Questions 69-71 Questions 72-74 Questions 75-77 Questions 78-80 Questions 81-83

 
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